Abner btjrnham



A. BURNHAM. Heating and Cooking Stove.

Patented Feb. 19. 1856.

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ABNER BURNHAM, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

COOKING-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 14,278, dated February 19, 1856. 7

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ABNER BURNI-IAM, of the city of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain Improvementsv in the Construction of Cooking-Stoves; and I declare the following specification, with the drawings attached thereto as part of the same, to be a full and perfect description thereof.

The drawing Figure 1 represents. a cooking stove in the ordinary form, portions of the side plate A A, of the top plate B B and of the top plate C, O, of the fire chamber, and its flue being represented as removed in order. to show the interior mechanism of the stove.

The fire chamber F is placed as usual near the front of the stove, and is entirely surrounded by an air flue G. It stands upon its ash pit D which opens out in front upon the hearth H, but on its other sides and bottom is closed and surrounded by air flues connected with those around the fire chamber F. The heat from F passes by a horizontal flue J over the top of the oven in the usual manner, turns down into two rear end flues, passes under the oven by outer flues nearly to its front plate, then returns by a middle flue to the back of the stove and then up a middle flue behind the oven to the smoke pipe or chimney, the usual construction of three flue stoves. The horizontal flue J does not as is usual occupy the whole space between the top plate of the oven and the top plate of the stove, but between the top plate C of the flue and the top plate B, is an air flue connected around the front and ends of the fire chamber with the air flue C, also by the passage K with the air flue between the fire chamber and the oven. The fire flue J does not extend from side to side of the stove but no farther than the range of the ends of the fire chamber and is closed by side plates L between the plate 0 and the top plate of the oven so as to leave air spaces between it and the sides of the stove, connecting with the air passages already described.

The pot holes pass down through the plates B and C, their openings being walled around between the plates to prevent the escape of hot air into the fire, or the fire from entering the air passages. The borders or rims of these pot holes are made for about a of an inch or more, if required, dishing or sunk from the edge of the hole and these sunk edges have holes 6 e pierced through them at equal distances, leaving solid spaces a little larger than the holes between them. The holes open into the air flue and permit the escape of hot air outwardly. For the escape of the hot air openings in the side plates (4 a are provided, which under certain circumstances operate as inlets for the air of the room, and as it may be desirable to carry ofi'the hot air into an upper chamber an opening into the back plate of the air flue at B regulated by a damper passes the air into the upright pipe M which is itself inclosed within the stove pipe or chimney P in order to preserve and increase the temperature of the warm air. The pipe M is carried as far as may be convenient. in P and is then passed out of it and arranged as convenience may require. The pipe M should be provided with an opening into the chimney P governed by a damper. Cold air is supplied to the air flues by openings d 0? in the bottom of the air chamber, and at f f in the front plate just over the ashpit D and in order to furnish an extra supply of cold air directly over the top of the fire box where the heat is most intense two pipes N N are brought up in the outer angles of the stove, one only shown in the drawing and continued at right angles under the top plate a short distance so as to throw their draft toward the center of the stove.

The openings 6, e, are regulated by disks or lids which cover the pot holes and extend over the dishing edges of the openings, having holes'in them corresponding with those in the stove as shown in Fig. 2, so making register plates of them, as they may be placed so as to bring their holes in conjunction with the openings 6, e, or else so as to cover their holes with the solid parts of the plates.

The stove is provided with the usual dampers or registers for three flue stoves and the fire operates and is managed as in those stoves.

In managing the air flues if it be desired to throw the hot air into the stove room itself, the damper of the passage 5 is to be closed and the lids arranged so as to permit the air to pass out at the openings 6 e as well as at the openings at a. If it be desired to send the air into an upper chamber, then the damper of b is to be opened and the lids arranged so as to cover the holes 6 e. If 1n the summer or any time it be desired to pass off the hot air without heating the house then in addition to the last arrangement, the

damper of the air pipe M opening into the chimney to be unclosed when'the chimney draft will carry off the hot air and the openings at a, a, instead of giving ofi' hot air will take in cold air from the room and all the openings in the stove serve as ventilators.

In the process of cooking another convenient disposition can be made of the hot air by raising the pot up a quarter of an inch, from the top plate by a small ring a temporarily inserted into the pot hole and covering the pot with a light metal cylinder cover as shown in Fig. 2, which is a sectional sketch of this arrangement, is being the cover 7) the pot, and the entrance of the hot air from the air flue being shown by arrows. The heated air will surround the pot, operate on its bottom, flanges, and its sides also on the upper surface of its contents. If however it be desirable to produce a different result that is to carry off all odors from the cooking articles then by opening the damper of the passage 5 also the damper of the passage into the chimney the eifect of the draft will be to carry downward from the pot into the chimney all the vapor loaded with the odor of the cooking materials.

It will beseen too that by placing metal covers over any or all of the pot holes, and

permitting the hot air from the stove to pass up into them they become each an oven 0f the most convenient kind for domestic cooking.

The peculiarity of this stove consists in the advantageous use that can be made of the heated air by reason of the novel arrangement of the air fines and passages.

I do not claim the placing of an air chamber or air flues around the fire chamber nor over the upper fire fines of stove, nor the carrying of an air passage or radiator through the smoke pipe or chimney, as separate and distinct parts of the apparatus, as each of them may be found in some existing stoves.

I claim- The combination of an air-chamber surrounding the fire chamber having inlets for the admission of air from without, wit-h an air flow lying between the top of the fire chamber with its flue and the top plate of the stove, together with an outlet from the same by a pipe or radiator placed within the smoke pipe or flues substantially as set forth in the above specification.

. ABNER BURNHAM.

Witnesses:

RENA VARICK DE VITT, H. G. TEN EYCK. 

